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["项目","题干","正确/错误(1是正确,0是错误)"]
["基础理论","大学体育中的“体育”主要指的是以身体活动为手段的教育。",1]
["基础理论","群众体育包括学校体育。",0]
["基础理论","学校体育是由体育教学、体育游戏、运动训练和竞赛三方面组成。",0]
["基础理论","竞技体育含运动训练和竞赛欣赏两种形式。",0]
["基础理论","群众体育是为了娱乐身心，增强体质，防治疾病和培养体育后备人才，在社会上广泛开展的体育活动的总称。",1]
["基础理论","体育的功能是指体育以其自身特点作用于人类和社会所能产生的良好影响和效益。",1]
["基础理论","体育的健身功能主要表现为：科学的身体锻炼是增强体质最有效的方法，对完善人格、发展机能、提高社会适应能力等方面均有显著作用。",0]
["基础理论","在人类进行体育活动时，大脑皮层始终处于兴奋状态中，有助于提高大脑的调节功能，从而使记忆、思维、创造等能力有所改善，进而促进智力水平的提高。",0]
["基础理论","经济功能是体育最本质的功能。",0]
["基础理论","学校教育的根本任务是培养全面发展的人才，以适应社会发展的需要。",1]
["基础理论","增强学生体质，增进学生健康是我国高校体育的首要任务。",1]
["基础理论","2008年在北京奥运会上，中国体育代表团位居奥运会奖牌榜第一，金牌榜第二。",0]
["基础理论","1859～1889年希腊人曾举行过4届奥运会。",1]
["基础理论","古代奥运会最初只开1天，后来延长到5天。",1]
["基础理论","古代奥运会不准妇女参加，但可以观看比赛。",0]
["基础理论","古代奥运会比赛场均为200米×30米，只有短跑（192.27米） 一项比赛。",0]
["基础理论","1894年，国际奥委会成立。",1]
["基础理论","1896年，法国巴黎举行了第1届现代奥林匹克运动会。",0]
["基础理论","截至2019年12月，冬季奥运一共举行了32届。",0]
["基础理论","直到1934年，国际奥委会才正式决定允许妇女参加奥运会。",0]
["基础理论","公正原则是奥林匹克精神的第一项原则。",0]
["基础理论","在2002年盐湖城冬奥会上，中国女选手王濛为中国队实现了在冬季奥运会上金牌零的突破。",0]
["基础理论","第29届夏季奥运会已于2008年8月8日－24日在北京成功举行。",1]
["基础理论","高校体育通过体育教学、业余训练及课外体育活动这三种基本形式来完成体育教育的任务。",1]
["基础理论","目前我国高校中，体育课的主要形式有普通体育课、选项体育课、选修体育课和保健体育课等。",1]
["基础理论","体育课的教学目标是：培养学生树立健康第一的思想，以竞技为中心，以“终身体育”为指导，以“育人”为最终目标。",0]
["基础理论","高校的体育竞赛主要分为校内和校外两类。",1]
["基础理论","高校运动队训练是课内体育的一个组成部分。",0]
["基础理论","经常参加体育锻炼，可以增强体质、锻炼意志品质、培养良好的个性、这对有效抵制不良情绪具有积极的作用。",1]
["基础理论","古代运动养生的主要手段是导引、行气,以及五禽戏、易筋经、八段锦、小劳术,各种保健功和太极拳等。",1]
["基础理论","中国古代竞技运动多以对抗性的、竞争性强的、集体性的、身体接触较多的项目为主。",0]
["基础理论","早在公元前800年,中国就产生了初具雏型的竞技运动——礼射。",1]
["基础理论","盛唐时期,中国流行的运动项目有马术、足球、木射、捶丸、角抵等。",0]
["基础理论","中国与奥利匹克运动的联系最早可以追溯到1894年。",1]
["基础理论","1907年，中国奥委会第一任主席张伯苓先生在武汉以“奥林匹克”为题发表了著名的演说，并提出中国应该参加奥运会。",0]
["基础理论","中国运动员第一次正式进入奥运赛场是1936年。",0]
["基础理论","1984年第23届奥运会，射击选手许海峰在男子自选手枪慢射比赛中勇夺冠军，从而实现了中国奥运会历史上金牌零的突破。",1]
["基础理论","杨扬是中国历史是第一位国际奥委会女委员。",0]
["基础理论","国际奥委会是一个国际性的营利组织。",0]
["基础理论","奥委会总部设在瑞士洛桑，顾拜旦担任第一任秘书长。",1]
["基础理论","2014年索契冬奥会中国获得3枚金牌、4枚银牌和两枚铜牌。",1]
["基础理论","2012年第30届奥运会在纽约举办。",0]
["基础理论","奥运会会徽的颜色主要是深蓝色、黄色、绿色、黑色和红色。",0]
["基础理论","冬季奥运会最初开始于1908年。",0]
["基础理论","现代冬季两项主要有滑雪和射击。",1]
["基础理论","体育运动能培养大学生良好的意志品质。",1]
["基础理论","奥林匹克格言是“更快、更高、更强”。",1]
["基础理论","奥林匹克运动宗旨是和平和友谊。",0]
["基础理论","奥林匹克精神就是互相了解、友谊、团结和公平竞争的精神。",1]
["基础理论","国际奥委会委员是国际奥委会在委员国家的代表，而不是这些国家派往国际奥委会的代表。",1]
["基础理论","人的运动系统是由骨、关节、骨骼肌构成的。",1]
["基础理论","除了具有运动功能之外，运动系统还对肢体和内脏器官起着重要的支撑和保护作用。",1]
["基础理论","只有极少数骨直接参与随意运动。",0]
["基础理论","骨的形态各异，大体可归为长骨、短骨、扁骨和不规则骨四类。",1]
["基础理论","活体的骨由骨膜、骨质、骨髓组成。",1]
["基础理论","幼儿时期的骨中有机物约占1/2，故弹性好，可塑性大，不易骨折，但硬度不足，易弯曲变形。",1]
["基础理论","骨的长粗是以软骨内成骨的方式进行的。",0]
["基础理论","骨的长长依靠膜内成骨来实现。",0]
["基础理论","骨龄是骺及小骨骨化中心出现的年龄和骺与骨干愈合的年龄。",1]
["基础理论","骨龄能够说明骨骼的发育成熟水平，是反映个体发育成熟度较为精确的指标。",1]
["基础理论","骨松质和骨髓腔中的黄骨髓有造血功能。",0]
["基础理论","磷是神经组织的重要成分，同时与ATP的形成有关。",1]
["基础理论","人体长期坚持适度的体育锻炼，可使骨密质增厚，骨径变粗，骨面肌肉附着处突起明显，骨小梁的排列更加有规律，骨小梁增粗。",1]
["基础理论","骨与骨之间借纤维结缔组织、软骨或骨组织相连称为关节或骨连接。",1]
["基础理论","关节的基本结构又称关节三要素， 包括关节面（及关节软骨）、关节囊和关节腔。",1]
["基础理论","关节面是指两骨互相接触的面，一般多为一凸一凹。凹者称为关节头，凸者称为关节窝。",0]
["基础理论","关节囊的外层为滑膜层，由致密结缔组织构成，较厚而有韧性，具有连接、加固、保持关节完整的作用。",0]
["基础理论","关节腔是由关节囊和关节面软骨围成的密闭腔隙。",1]
["基础理论","外展和内收是指运动环节在矢状面内绕冠状轴的运动。",0]
["基础理论","屈和伸是指运动环节在冠状面内绕矢状轴的运动。",0]
["基础理论","回旋是运动环节在水平面内绕垂直轴或自身长轴的运动。",1]
["基础理论","上臂在肩关节处外展90° 后，向前运动为水平屈，向后运动为水平伸。",1]
["基础理论","关节的运动幅度是评价柔韧素质的重要指标之一。",1]
["基础理论","关节的灵活性好则稳定性好，稳固性好则灵活性好。",0]
["基础理论","肌肉的伸展性和弹性越小，则关节运动幅度越大。",0]
["基础理论","肌肉收缩力差，则关节稳固。",0]
["基础理论","少年儿童的关节运动幅度比成年人大，女性比男性的关节运动幅度大，训练有素者比不训练者的关节运动幅度大。",1]
["基础理论","系统的体育锻炼,可以使关节面的骨密质增厚，从而能承受更大的负荷。",1]
["基础理论","长期运动还可以使关节面软骨增厚，使之能承受较大的挤压应力。",1]
["基础理论","体育运动引起的关节周围韧带、关节囊和肌腱增粗增厚，伸展性增大等，可以使关节运动幅度增大，稳固性加强。",1]
["基础理论","对骨骼肌进行力量训练，可使其收缩力增强，关节稳固性提高。",1]
["基础理论","骨骼肌在人体中分布极为广泛，且呈对称分布，全身有200多块。",0]
["基础理论","成年人骨骼肌约占体重的60%（女性为50%）。",0]
["基础理论","长肌主要分布于躯干的深层。",0]
["基础理论","扁肌多见于胸腹壁，除具有运动功能外，还有保护脏器的作用。",1]
["基础理论","按照肌肉位置命名的有肱桡肌和胸锁乳突肌等。",0]
["基础理论","当外力或负重取消后，骨骼肌的长度又可恢复的特性称伸展性。",0]
["基础理论","骨骼肌的黏滞性与温度的变化关系密切：温度越低，黏滞性越大。温度越高，黏滞性越小。",1]
["基础理论","准备活动也称为热身运动，可提高肌肉温度，降低黏滞性，对提高运动成绩，减少运动损伤有重要意义。",1]
["基础理论","下肢屈肌比伸肌明显发达。",0]
["基础理论","上肢屈肌较伸肌发达。",1]
["基础理论","运动关节绕每个运动轴皆可做方向相反的两种运动。",1]
["基础理论","系统的体育锻炼可使肌纤维中线粒体数目增多，体积增大。",1]
["基础理论","骨骼肌的静力性工作包括克制工作和退让工作。",0]
["基础理论","骨骼肌的动力性工作包括支持工作、加固工作和固定工作。",0]
["基础理论","多关节肌有”主动不足“和”被动不足“的缺点。",1]
["基础理论","高抬腿、屈肘等是离心收缩。",0]
["基础理论","站立、悬垂、体操十字支撑、武术站桩等是等张收缩。",0]
["基础理论","等动练习是提高骨骼肌力量的有效手段。",1]
["基础理论","慢肌纤维较快肌纤维更易疲劳。",0]
["基础理论","慢肌纤维以有氧代谢供能为主，快肌纤维以无氧代谢供能为主。",1]
["基础理论","超负荷训练是一个不断递增的持续过程，能不断给予肌肉更大的刺激，从而产生生物学适应，使肌肉力量不断增长。",1]
["基础理论","在一次力量训练课中，大肌群训练应安排在前，小肌群训练安排在后。",1]
["基础理论","在一次力量训练课中，多关节肌训练在前，单关节肌训练在后。",1]
["基础理论","在训练单一肌群时，大强度练习在前，小强度练习在后。",1]
["基础理论","成年男子肺活量约为4500毫升，女子约为3500毫升。",0]
["基础理论","增加呼吸深度是运动中呼吸调节的重点。",1]
["基础理论","在剧烈运动时，单用鼻呼吸即可满足需要。",0]
["基础理论","耐力跑的呼吸节奏一般是三步一呼，三步一吸。",1]
["基础理论","杠铃卧推动作中，推起过程应吸气。",0]
["基础理论","铅球投掷中通过适当憋气，而最后用力，并在器械出手时采用爆发式呼气，其效果较不憋气要好。",1]
["基础理论","人体在剧烈运动时，氧气供应充足，大量乳酸堆积，降低了神经、肌肉的兴奋性，也引起了呼吸、循环的紊乱，往往产生一种非常难受的感觉，这种状态叫作极点。",0]
["基础理论","经常训练的人在定量工作时，呼吸机能表现出节省化现象，能够在较长时间保持工作能力不下降，并具有很大的机能储备力，能够适应和满足较强烈的运动对呼吸系统的要求。",1]
["基础理论","血液的酸碱度正常为7.35-8.45，呈弱碱性。",0]
["基础理论","成年人安静心率有显著的个体差异，平均心率在75次/分钟左右。",1]
["基础理论","每个人的心率增加都有一定限度，即最大心率(次/分钟)=220-年龄（岁）。",1]
["基础理论","向心性肥大，多见于耐力项目运动员。",0]
["基础理论","脑组织所需能量完全来源于糖的有氧氧化。",1]
["基础理论","长期中低强度有氧锻炼对预防和治疗脂肪肝有积极作用。",1]
["基础理论","专门的无氧训练可有效提高糖酵解系统的供能能力。",1]
["基础理论","减少脂肪的最有效锻炼方式是短时间内进行无氧运动。",0]
["基础理论","法特莱克训练法是一种加速跑与慢跑交替进行的中长跑训练方法。",1]
["基础理论","力量训练即抗阻运动，属于有氧运动。",0]
["基础理论","在赛前热身中，建议进行静态伸展，它有助于减轻肌肉紧张，降低受伤的风险。",0]
["基础理论","运动强度是运动处方四要素中最重要的和最困难的部分，也是运动处方定量化与科学性的核心问题。",1]
["基础理论","在健身运动处方的实施过程中，一节训练课应由准备活动、正式训练和整理活动三个基本部分构成。",1]
["基础理论","三大能源物质中，蛋白质的利用速度最快，相同氧气供应下的产能最多，输出功率最大，是一种最经济的能源。",0]
["基础理论","人体所需要的营养素有糖、脂肪、蛋白质、维生素、无机盐、纤维素和水七大类。",1]
["基础理论","脂肪是人体唯一氮的来源。",0]
["基础理论","血红蛋白具有运输氧的功能。",1]
["基础理论","氨基酸（由蛋白质分解而得）可为运动时肌肉耗能提供5%-15%的总能量。",1]
["基础理论","运动前后供给蛋白质，对提高肌肉能力和肌肉力量有良好效果。",1]
["基础理论","人体自身能合成脂肪酸中的亚油酸。",0]
["基础理论","脂肪是脂溶性维生素的载体并能促进其吸收利用。",1]
["基础理论","世界卫生组织（WHO)建议以脂肪占总热量的40%为最高限量。",1]
["基础理论","运动时肌肉的摄糖量可为安静时的20倍以上。",1]
["基础理论","有氧运动可使体内甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇减少，而低密度脂蛋白胆固醇增高，这对防治动脉硬化及冠心病有良好的作用。",0]
["基础理论","维生素A可提高运动员的竞技能力,对疲劳和过度训练都有治疗作用。",0]
["基础理论","钙对维持神经信息传导和肌肉收缩具有重要作用。",1]
["基础理论","机体的能量消耗愈大，磷的消耗量愈多。",1]
["基础理论","若机体缺乏铁，可引起缺铁性贫，运动时机体还可能出现酸中毒。",1]
["基础理论","大运动量的人，钠的需要量每日大约5克。",0]
["基础理论","镁是多种催化剂的激化剂，可以调节糖与蛋白质代谢。",1]
["基础理论","每日饮食中三大营养成分所提供热量最佳比例为60%的热量来自碳水化合物，20%来自蛋白质，20%来自脂肪。",0]
["基础理论","中等强度的耐力运动(如长跑)体内代谢过程比较稳定，糖的无氧代谢逐渐被有氧谢所取代，能量的消耗与合成过程基本处于平衡状态。",1]
["基础理论","球类运动中，注意力必须高度集中，反应要敏捷，食物中要含丰富的蛋白质、糖以及维生素B1、维生素C、维生素E、维生素A。",1]
["基础理论","运动中，对糖的利用是渐次的，随着时间的延长，依次动用肝糖、血糖，最后是肌糖原。",0]
["基础理论","运动后迅速补充蛋白质，有助于恢复受伤的肌肉和组织。",1]
["基础理论","出现运动性贫血症状时，可选择含含有少量咖啡和茶水的饮料。",0]
["基础理论","一般认为普通人的理想体重是标准体重加减20%的范围。",0]

{"sheet":"选择题","index":1,"n_rows":151,"n_cols":6,"rows_kept":151}
["项目","题干","选择A","选择B","选择C","答案(多个答案以半角逗号分隔)"]
["基础理论","体育可分为学校体育、竞技体育、（      ）等种类。","老年体育","休闲体育","群众体育","C"]
["基础理论","冰雪项目的营养特点是以维生素B族为主，并增加维生素（     ）的摄入，以保护眼睛#有利于适应冰雪场地的白色环境。","A","B","C","A"]
["基础理论","职业（      ）运动员不可以参加奥运会。","篮球","拳击","网球","B"]
["基础理论","中国古代竞技运动多以个体的、娱乐性的、技艺性的、表演性的项目为主,如（     ）、投壶、戏毯等","足球","礼射","马术","B"]
["基础理论","体育的自然功能主要反映在健身、健美、（      ）、保健等方面。","政治","益智","经济","B"]
["基础理论","中国古代健身、养生活动在思想上主张动静结合，神形兼顾、内外俱练、刚柔相济，强调意、气、体一致，注重“（       ）”在经络系统中的运动，以达到防治疾病的作用。","意","气","体","B"]
["基础理论","我国高校体育的目标是：以（　  　）为基本手段，培养学生的体育意识，增强体育能力，养成自觉锻炼身体的习惯，使之成为体魄强健的社会主义现代化事业的建设者和接班人。","身体练习","运动竞赛","体育教学","A"]
["基础理论","目前我国高校中，公共体育课的主要形式有普通体育课、选项体育课、(        )和保健体育课等。","体育俱乐部","选修体育课","网络体育课","B"]
["基础理论","体育课的教学目标是：培养学生树立健康第一的思想，以（       ）为中心，以“终身体育”为指导，以“育人”为最终目标。","健心","益智","健身","C"]
["基础理论","体育锻炼的基本原则有：主动性原则、适量性原则、循序渐进原则、经常性原则、（      ）。","大运动量原则","全面性原则","超量恢复原则","B"]
["基础理论","（　    ）功能是体育最本质的功能。","健身","竞技","教育","C"]
["基础理论","(     )把“和平、友谊、进步”作为奥林匹克运动精神的宗旨。","尤伯罗斯","史密斯","顾拜旦","C"]
["基础理论","我国著名的“（　    ）”，在中美恢复邦交的过程中，曾经起了微妙而重要的作用，堪称世界外交史上的一绝。","乒乓外交","篮球外交","足球外交","A"]
["基础理论","一般来说，每个国家有1名奥委会委员，大国及举办过奥运会的国家最多有（         ）名奥委会委员。",2,3,4,"A"]
["基础理论","高校体育通过体育教学、（　    ）及课外体育活动这三种基本形式来完成体育教育的任务。","体育表演","运动训练和比赛","体质测试","B"]
["基础理论","竞技体育是以（　    ）为目的的体育运动。","强身健体","提高运动技术水平和运动成绩","休闲娱乐","B"]
["基础理论","早在公元前800年，中国就产生了雏形的竞技运动——（       ）。","蹴鞠","礼射","角抵","B"]
["基础理论","我国（　    ）就出现了充气的足球和球门，用油料浇筑球场。","唐代","宋代","元代","A"]
["基础理论","1917年 4月，（　    ）在《新青年》杂志上以“二十八画生”署名，发表了《体育之研究》","恽代英","刘少奇","毛泽东","C"]
["基础理论","国际奥委会使用的正式语言为英语和(     )。","俄语","西班牙语","法语","C"]
["基础理论","为祝贺《中华全国体育总会》第二次会议的召开，（　    ）为大会作了“发展体育运动，为生产和国防服务”的题词。","毛泽东","朱德","周恩来","A"]
["基础理论","（　    ），成立了中华人民共和国体育运动委员会。","1950年","1951年","1952年","C"]
["基础理论","奥林匹克一词原来是一个（       ）。","地名","人名","物名","A"]
["基础理论","中国在第25届巴塞罗那奥运会中，游泳、（　    ）两个项目实现了奥运史上金牌“零”的突破。","体操","田径","皮划艇","B"]
["基础理论","2006年12月23日，召开了新中国成立以来的第（　    ）次全国学校体育工作会议。","一","二","三","A"]
["基础理论","国际奥委会是一个具有法律地位和永久继承权的法人团体，总部设在（　    ）。","法国","美国","瑞士","C"]
["基础理论","现代奥运会分为夏季和冬季奥运会，最早的夏季奥运会产生于(      )世纪末。",18,19,20,"B"]
["基础理论","公元前（　    ）年，举行第1届古代奥运会。",775,776,777,"B "]
["基础理论","到公元394年为止，古代奥运会共举行过（　    ）届。",293,294,295,"A"]
["基础理论","体育能力包括体育实践能力、体育锻炼能力、体育娱乐能力和体育（　    ）能力。","科研","教学","欣赏","C"]
["基础理论","经济全球化、政治多极化、文化多元化、教育终身化、体育（　    ）是当今时代的基本特征。","国际化","社会化","生活化","C"]
["基础理论","奥林匹克运动会的会徽由五个环圈组成：（　    ）、黄色、绿色、黑色、红色。","紫色","蓝色","白色","B"]
["基础理论","第1届冬季奥运会在（　    ）夏蒙尼举行。","德国","法国","英国","B"]
["基础理论","第一个参加奥运会的中国运动员是（       ）。","张伯苓","刘长春","王正延","B"]
["基础理论","在第23届奥运会上，（　    ）实现了中国运动员在奥运会历史上金牌零的突破。","王义夫","许海峰","蔡振华","B"]
["基础理论","国际奥林匹克委员会是由（      ）人顾拜旦发起成立的。","德国","英国","法国","C"]
["基础理论","截至2019年12月，现代夏季奥运会在世界各地共举行了（      ）届",30,31,32,"B"]
["基础理论","第24届冬季奥林匹克运动会的联合举办城市为北京市和（      ）市。","张家口","大连","哈尔滨","A"]
["基础理论","2008年，北京是第（       ）届夏季奥林匹克运动会的主办城市。",29,30,31,"A"]
["基础理论","第22届冬季奥林匹克运动会在（      ）举行。","意大利都灵","加拿大温哥华","俄罗斯索契","C"]
["基础理论","奥林匹克的格言是： “更快、更高、更（       ）”。","强","壮","远","A"]
["基础理论","新中国于（     ）年首次参加奥运会。",1952,1953,1954,"A"]
["基础理论","2008年北京奥运会开幕式上是（       ）点燃圣火。","姚明","刘翔","李宁","C"]
["基础理论","奥林匹克运动中反对（       ）的斗争不仅是一场不同体育道德观之间的斗争，也是一场现代科学技术之间的斗争。","和平","兴奋剂","民族","B"]
["基础理论","中国在19世纪50年代末与国际奥委会断交，后于（     ）年重返奥委会大家庭。",1978,1979,1980,"B"]
["基础理论","第一届现代奥运会是于1896年在（     ）举行的。","英国伦敦","法国巴黎","希腊雅典","C"]
["基础理论","现代奥运会是于(     )年才正式允许妇女参加。",1896,1924,1960,"B"]
["基础理论","在里约奥运会上，中国体育代表团共收获26枚金牌18枚银牌26枚铜牌，金牌数排第三，奖牌总数位居（      ）。","第一","第二","第三","B"]
["基础理论","北京冬奥会是中国第（      ）次举办冬季奥运会。","第一","第二","第三","A"]
["基础理论","只有（      ）有权选择和决定举办奥运会的城市。","国际奥委会","国际单项体育联合会","国家奥委会","A"]
["基础理论","成人全身共有（      ）块骨，约占体重的20%。",205,206,207,"B"]
["基础理论","成年人骨中的有机物约占1/3，无机物约占2/3，这样的比例使骨极为(     )，并有较好的韧性，可承受很大的压力。","坚硬","柔软","不知道","A"]
["基础理论","一般情况下，运动员每日钾的需要量约为(     )克。",2,3,4,"B"]
["基础理论","骨的基本形态由（     ）因素决定。","营养","心理","遗传","C"]
["基础理论","骨盆的运动另称为前倾、（     ）。","后倾","垂直","环转","A"]
["基础理论","四肢肌占全身肌肉的（     ）。",{"v":0.6,"d":"60%"},{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},"C"]
["基础理论","根据肌纤维排列方向可分为直肌、斜肌、（     ）。","三角肌","菱形肌","横机","C"]
["基础理论","骨骼肌进行离心收缩是：下坡跑、下楼梯、（     ）。","高抬腿","下蹲","站立","B"]
["基础理论","根据肌纤维代谢特征,肌纤维又可分为慢缩氧化型、快缩酵解型和（     ）三种类型。","快缩氧化酵解型","快肌纤维","慢肌纤维","A"]
["基础理论","肌纤维类型的百分组成很大程度上决定于(       )。","遗传","运动","营养","A"]
["基础理论","快肌纤维以（     ）供能为主。","无氧代谢","有氧代谢","不知道","A"]
["基础理论","(     )的负荷练习能使肌纤维增粗，力量速度提高，适合100米跑、跳跃等项目。","1-5RM","6-10RM","10-15RM","B"]
["基础理论","根据机体的超量恢复原理，运动和恢复大致要经历四个阶段,其中第四个阶段称之为（     ）。","工作阶段","超量恢复阶段","复原阶段","C"]
["基础理论","成人安静时的呼吸频率为(     ) 次/分钟。","15-35","16-25","25-35","B"]
["基础理论","外呼吸在(     )实现外界环境与血液间的气体交换。","肺部","组织毛细血管","循环系统","A"]
["基础理论","正常人肺总量一般为（     ） 毫升。","3500-2500","5200-3900","5200-6500","B"]
["基础理论","人体每一次呼吸周期中，吸入或呼出的气量称为(     )。","补吸气量","潮气量","余气量","B"]
["基础理论","肺功能检查中，常用（    ）指标来反映和评价呼吸机能的潜在能力","肺活量","肺总量","肺通气量","A"]
["基础理论","仰卧起坐中,起坐过程应（      ）。","呼气","吸气","憋气","A"]
["基础理论","仰卧起坐中，仰卧过程应（     ）。","呼气","吸气","憋气","B"]
["基础理论","射击时(     )有利于动作稳定.","呼气","吸气","憋气","C"]
["基础理论","极点后，人体呼吸均匀加深，动作轻快，不舒适感逐渐消失，这种现象被称为（     ）。","第一次呼吸","第二次呼吸","第三次呼吸","B"]
["基础理论","训练有素的运动员最大氧吸收量,即氧极限可达(     ) 升左右。",4,6,8,"B"]
["基础理论","氧气在血液中的主要运输形式是与（      ）。","与血浆蛋白结合","形成氨基甲酸血红蛋白","形成碳酸氢盐","A"]
["基础理论","\n二氧化碳在血液中的主要运输形式是(    　)。","与血浆蛋白结合","形成氨基甲酸血红蛋白","形成碳酸氢盐","C"]
["基础理论","（     ）是神经、体液调节的媒介.","肌肉","骨骼","血液","C"]
["基础理论","心脏长轴方向大致如(     )手执笔方向。","左","右","不知道","B"]
["基础理论","受过良好训练的耐力运动员,安静时的心率可能为(     )次/分钟。",60,80,100,"A"]
["基础理论","运动训练后，心率（    ）分钟左右即恢复，说明运动员对负荷的适应状态良好。",3,4,5,"A"]
["基础理论","运动时骨骼肌和心脏的血流量(     )。","减少","增加","无变化","B"]
["基础理论","从事动力性运动时，收缩压(     )。","降低","升高","无变化","B"]
["基础理论","从事静力性运动时，收缩压(     )。","降低","升高","无变化","B"]
["基础理论","离心性肥大，多见于（     ）性项目运动员。","耐力","速度","力量","A"]
["基础理论","向心性肥大，多见于（     ）性项目运动员。","耐力","速度","力量","C"]
["基础理论","只有在长期饥饿或极度消耗时，（     ）才可能成为主要的能量来源。","糖","脂肪","蛋白质","C"]
["基础理论","人体最主要的能量来源为（     ）。","糖","脂肪","蛋白质","A"]
["基础理论","（     ）是肌肉活动的重要能量来源。","肌糖原","肝糖原","血糖","A"]
["基础理论","运动中(     )动员慢，氧耗大，能效低。","糖","脂肪","蛋白质","B"]
["基础理论","ATP的供能时间约为（     ）秒。",1,2,3,"B"]
["基础理论","（     ）供能会产生导致机体疲劳的代谢终产物——乳酸。","磷酸原系统","糖酵解系统","有氧氧化系统","B"]
["基础理论","（     ）供能输出功率最大、最快。","磷酸原系统","糖酵解系统","有氧氧化系统","A"]
["基础理论","(     )供能需要氧的参与。","磷酸原系统","糖酵解系统","有氧氧化系统","C"]
["基础理论","若以减脂为运动目的，则应以（     ）强度，进行长时间的持续性运动为佳。","中低","中高","超高","A"]
["基础理论","要提高有氧耐力，就选择跑步、自行车、（     ）等有氧运动。","举重","射击","游泳","A"]
["基础理论","持续训练法指以同一种强度持续锻炼（     ）分钟。","15-25","25-60","60-70","B"]
["基础理论","极限用力往往要在(     )的情况下进行。","吸气","呼气","憋气","C"]
["基础理论","倒立可用于（     ）中。","超等长训练法","静力性训练法","动力性训练法","B"]
["基础理论","左右转体可用于（     ）练习中。","动态柔韧性","静态主动柔韧性","静态被动柔韧性","A"]
["基础理论","运动处方四要素:运动形式、运动强度、运动频率、（     ）","准备活动","注意事项","持续时间","C"]
["基础理论","蛋白质是人体唯一（     ）的来源。","氮","氢","氧","A"]
["基础理论","（     ）形成抗体。","血浆蛋白","血红蛋白","球蛋白","C"]
["基础理论","（     ）维持胶体渗透压，维持血液酸碱平衡。","血浆蛋白","血红蛋白","球蛋白","A"]
["基础理论","(     )具有运输氧的功能。","血浆蛋白","血红蛋白","球蛋白","B"]
["基础理论","人的年纪越小，蛋白质需要量相对越（     ）。","大","一样","小","A"]
["基础理论","在我国每日膳食中的营养素供给的建议中，一般认为以脂肪占每日热能供给量的（     ）较为合适。","15%-20%","20%-25%","25%-30%","B"]
["基础理论","在运动强度小于最大吸氧量（     ）条件下，运动时呼出气中20%-50%来自脂肪酸的氧化。",{"v":0.35,"d":"35%"},{"v":0.45,"d":"45%"},{"v":0.55,"d":"55%"},"C"]
["基础理论","(      )是人体长时间运动的主要能量来源。","蛋白质","脂肪","核酸","A"]
["基础理论","在运动强度小于最大吸氧量50%条件下，运动呼出气中（    ）来自脂肪酸的氧化。","25%-75%","25%-50%","50%-100%","B"]
["基础理论","碳水化合物又名糖类，是由碳、氢和氧三种元素组成的一大类化合物,根据其分子结\n构可分成单糖、双糖和(     )。","果糖","葡萄糖","多糖","C"]
["基础理论","糖类除了纤维素和果胶外都可被人体吸收但吸收前必须转变为(     )(主要是葡萄糖)。","蔗糖","单糖","麦芽糖","B"]
["基础理论","碳水化合物是人体热能最重要的来源，1 克碳水化合物在体内可供热(    )千焦。",16.8,168,1.68,"A"]
["基础理论","糖和（    ）元素,碱基组成的核糖核酸和脱氧核糖核酸是构成细胞质和细胞核的主要成分。","磷","铁","碳","A"]
["基础理论","（    ）充足时，肝脏对细菌毒素，酒精等有害物质的解毒功能增强，并有助于保护肝脏受有害物质侵袭，维护和加强肝脏功能。","胰岛素","肝糖原","胆红素","B"]
["基础理论","（    ）是大脑的主要能源。大脑重量仅占体重的2%而能量消耗占全身基础代谢的25%。","蛋白质","糖","脂肪","B"]
["基础理论","摄入蛋白质的同时，摄入糖类可以增加(    )的形成有利于氨基酸的活化及蛋白质的合成。","ARP","TAP","ATP","C"]
["基础理论","只有在一定量碳水化合物存在时，脂肪氧化才能彻底不产生过量的(    )，所以碳水化合物有抗生酮作用,能维持脂肪的正常代谢。","酮体","醛体","醇体","A"]
["基础理论","一般情况下,糖占每日总热能供给量的（    ）通常成人每日每千克体重需糖4-6克，运动员则需 8-12克。","20%-30%","60%-70%","80%-90%","B"]
["基础理论","在我国人民饮食中糖主要来自谷类如米、面、玉米和高粱中糖含量就极为丰富约（    ），甘蔗、甜菜是蔗糖的主要来源。",{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},{"v":0.5,"d":"50%"},"A"]
["基础理论","糖是运动中的重要能源，运动时肌肉摄糖量约为安静时的（  ） 倍。",30,50,20,"C"]
["基础理论","糖原储备减少不仅使机体耐久力下降，而且也使大强度运动时的(    )降低。","最大耗氧量 ","最大吸氧量","最大肺活量","A"]
["基础理论","维生素是指在维持身体正常生命活动许多功能方面起关键作用的一类(    )化合物，特别是在机体生长、发育和生殖方面。","高分子","小分子","离子","B"]
["基础理论","维生素不是构造身体组织的原料也不是身体所需能量的来源，这类化合物虽结构不同，但都具有以下共性:它们不能由人体合成，人体对维生素的需要量(    ),但不能缺乏。","大","少","随机","B"]
["基础理论","维生素按其能溶于水还是脂肪,可分为两类即水溶性维生素和(    )维生素。","脂溶性","油溶性","两亲性","A"]
["基础理论","若(    )缺乏则视紫红质的合成受到影响，在黄昏或光线较暗时就失去正常视力,这称为夜盲症。","维生素A","维生素C","维生素E","A"]
["基础理论","我国膳食中维生素A含量一般较少,主要由红、黄或绿色蔬菜和红、黄色水果中得到，(    )在体内转变成维生素A。","胡萝卜素","花青素","青蒿素","A"]
["基础理论","当维生素(    )缺乏时,钙的吸收受到障碍可导致佝偻病或骨质软化症。","A","C","D","C"]
["基础理论","实际上，成人经常接触阳光照射可使皮肤中的7-脱氢胆固醇转变为维生素(    )，即能满足机体需要, 但孕妇,儿童或老人因人体需要量增加而应适当增加。","B","C","D","C"]
["基础理论","维生素E的作用是多方面的,如抗氧化作用和(    )作用.","抗病毒","抗菌","抗衰老","C"]
["基础理论","当维生素(    )缺乏时细胞间质不能形成，主要表现为毛细血管壁脆性增加，易出血而以牙龈出血为最常见。","C","D","E","A"]
["基础理论","维生素C能促进(     )生成促进血细胞的噬菌能力，从而提高机体对传染病的抵抗力。","抗原","抗体","免疫细胞","B"]
["基础理论","有研究报道，维生素C具有阻断(    )致癌物质合成的作用，在食用香肠和腌肉制品时服用维生素C对预防癌症有益。","亚硝胺","氨基酸","席弗碱","A"]
["基础理论","维生素C可将食物中的(    )还原为二价铁有利于铁的吸收和利用.","三价铁","四价铁","六价铁","A"]
["基础理论","动物实验证明当维生素C缺乏时动物心脏，骨骼肌中(    )酶的活性明显下降。","ATP","PAT","辅酶10","A"]
["基础理论","维生素C主要存在于植物性食物中，分布较广，几乎所有蔬菜和(    )中都含有维生素C。","米","面","水果","C"]
["基础理论","维生素C参与(   )等激素的合成与释放，可增强机体的应激能力和对寒冷的耐受力。","甲状腺素","胰岛素","肝素钠","A"]
["基础理论","人体的元素可分为常量元素、(    )和可能必需的微量元素三大类。","变量元素","必需的微量元素","少量元素","B"]
["基础理论","七种常量元素约占体重的(     )。",{"v":0.0394,"d":"3.94%"},{"v":0.3,"d":"30%"},{"v":0.6,"d":"60%"},"A"]
["基础理论","钙是骨骼和牙齿的主要成分，体内总钙量的(     )存在于骨骼和牙齿中。",{"v":0.85,"d":"85%"},{"v":0.99,"d":"99%"},{"v":0.5,"d":"50%"},"B"]
["基础理论","缺钙时神经肌肉的应激性增高，肌肉容易发生(    )。\n","萎缩","拉伤","痉挛","C"]
["基础理论","钙的良好来源是（    ），不但含量高而且吸收率也高， 蔬菜,豆类,海带,小虾米\n等也含有丰富的钙。","奶类制品","谷类制品","肉类制品","A"]
["基础理论","钙若与(    )结合则不能吸收，脂肪过多也妨碍钙的吸收，维生素D与蛋白质可以促进钙的吸收。","碳酸","醋酸","草酸","C"]
["基础理论","钙缺乏可引起肌肉抽搐，长期钙摄入不足可导致骨密度(   )，骨质疏松和应激性骨折。","下降","提高","异常","A"]
["基础理论","人体内磷总量的70%-80%与钙结合成（    ）存在于骨及牙齿中。","碳酸钙","磷酸钙","羟磷灰石","C"]
["基础理论","供给肌肉收缩的能量物质如三磷酸腺苷、磷酸肌酸都是(    )的化合物。","磷","硫","碳","A"]
["基础理论","磷与脂肪合成的(    )是构成神经组织的重要物质.","触突","神经元","磷脂","C"]
["基础理论","磷广泛存在于动、植物组织中。一切富含（    ）的食物中都含有磷,如蛋类、 肉类、鱼类等。","蛋白质","多肽","氨基酸","A"]
["基础理论","成人体内含铁3 -7克，有60%-70%的铁存在于(     )内。","血小板","血红蛋白","白细胞","B"]
["基础理论","在做菜时，最好用(    )锅并用醋等酸性食物，这可增加食物中铁的供给量。 ","铝","不粘锅","铁","C"]
["基础理论","成人每日需要锌的量为（    )毫克，儿童为10-15毫克。",15,20,50,"A"]
["基础理论","镁对神经肌肉系统有抑制作用，与钙、钾、（     ）配合共同维持神经肌肉的兴奋性。","铝","钠","铁","B"]